Biological effects of electromagnetic fields on insects: a systematic review and meta-analysis

(2023)
Method

This systematic review evaluates the toxicity of anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on insects, focusing on two major sources:

Power lines (low-frequency EMFs)

Cellular networks (radiofrequency/microwave EMFs, including emerging 5G technologies)

Source

EMF

power lines and the cellular network.

Result

Lab studies confirm non-thermal EMFs harm insects at cellular and organismal levels.

Field data is sparse but suggestive—urgent need for more real-world research.

5G risks are entirely untested, yet deployment continues unchecked.