2.45 GHz microwave radiation induced oxidative stress: Role of inflammatory cytokines in regulating male fertility through estrogen receptor alpha in Gallus gallus domesticus

(2022)
Method

Exposed group: Exposed to 2.45 GHz MW radiation (non-thermal, low-level) for 2 hours/day for 30 days.

Exposure Parameters:

Frequency: 2.45 GHz (common in Wi-Fi, microwave ovens).

Power density: 0.1264 mW/cm².

Specific Absorption Rate (SAR): 0.9978 W/kg.

Source
2.45 GHz microwave radiation
Result

Microwave radiation induces oxidative stress related inflammatory response.

MW radiation downregulates IL-10 immunoreactivity and upregulates IL-1β immunoreactivity.

It downregulates ir-ERα expression as well and lead to male fertility.