Impact of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation on Male Infertility: An assessment of the mechanism and consequences

(2020)
Method

Exposure Setup
EMR Sources: Cell phones, Wi-Fi, power lines, monitors (common devices emitting non-ionizing radiation).

Frequency Ranges:
RF-EMR (Radiofrequency): 900 MHz – 2.4 GHz (mobile phones, Wi-Fi).

ELF-EMR (Extremely Low Frequency): 50–60 Hz (power lines, electrical appliances).

Exposure Conditions:
In vivo (animal studies): Rats/mice exposed to EMR in controlled chambers.

In vitro (human sperm samples): Sperm exposed to EMR in lab conditions.

Epidemiological studies: Surveys on men with high EMR exposure (e.g., cell phone users, industrial workers).

Source

Devices like cell phone, power line and monitors emit electromagnetic radiation

Result

Primary Exposure Sources:

  • Mobile phones
  • Power lines
  • Computer monitors and displays

Effects on Male Reproductive System:

Impaired sperm parameters (morphology, motility, and viability)

Metabolic alterations

Genomic instability

Mechanisms of Damage:

Thermal and non-thermal interactions with biological tissues

Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Oxidative stress and disrupted redox equilibrium

Reduced total antioxidant capacity

Conclusion:

  1. Analyze the effects of EMR on the male reproductive system
  2. Examine ROS generation mechanisms and pathways of action

Present safety measures for electronic devices and mobile phone usage